后缀-ant 含义、词源和词例
1)与动词或动词词根相结合,构成形容词,其意思相当于that ~s(...的),其作用相当于英语中表示现在分词的词尾-ing。
2)加在动词后,构成名词,意思相当于a person or thing that ~s,表示该动作的主动者(人或物)。注意,凡以-ant 结尾的形容词常有与之对应的以-ance或-ancy结尾的名词。
先介绍动词或动词词根与-ant构成形容词的例子。
1.accordant
adj.一致的;调和的
举例:What he did is accordant with what he said. 他的言行是一致的。
2.triumphant
adj.胜利的;成功的
举例:The triumphant army marched into the enemy capital.获胜的军队开进了敌国的首都。
3.distant [
adj.远的,远离的
举例:The sun is distant from the earth.太阳离地球很远。
4.errant [err = to wander 漫游,离开正道;-ant →“漫游的,离开正道的”→]
adj.周游的;漂泊的;走入岐途的;错误的
举例:He went to the casino to bring back his errant son.他到赌场将那走邪道的儿子带回家。
5.vacant [vac = to be empty 空;-ant → ]
adj.空的;未被占用的,闲置的
举例:He tried to find a vacant seat for his mother.他想找个空位子给母亲坐。
下面介绍几个用-ant作名词的派生词。
1.assistant
n.助手;帮手
举例:I was her assistant in the library for a time.有段时间我曾在图书馆当她的助手。
2.disinfectant
n.消毒剂
举例:Alcohol is a common disinfectant.酒精是种常用的消毒剂。
3.merchant [merch = to trade 经商;-ant →]
adj.商人
举例:Some merchants do their business mostly with foreign countries. 有些商人主要做国外生意。
4.pendant [
n.垂饰
举例:He bought a pair of ear pendants for her. 他为她买了一对耳坠子。