by

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音标发音

英式音标 [baɪ]
美式音标 [baɪ]
英式发音
美式发音

基本解释

prep. 由，被；通过；相差……；到……之前；在……旁边
adv. 经过；（时间）过去；在旁边；短暂访问
n. （体育比赛）轮空晋级
adj. 旁边的，侧面的

词源解说

直接源自古英语的be or bi，意为靠近，在，经由，大约。

同根派生

by相关词

用法辨析

prep. (介词)

by在表示时间时,常与动词的一般时、将来时、完成时或将来完成时连用。作“在…时候”解时,常用于by day〔night〕短语中。
by表示方式(除作“抓住…”解时)或原因后接名词时,名词前通常不加冠词。
by表示方式作“凭着”解时,其后常接反身代词; 作“乘”解时,后接交通工具,其前不加冠词。
by表示比率作“以…为单位”解时,常与表示单位的名词或数词连用,名词前常用定冠词; 作“…比…”解时,用于两个数字之间表示面积。
by表示累加时,前后一般用同一个名词、数词或副词,名词前不用定冠词,且不用于复数形式。
by表示动作者的时候,常用于被动结构。
by用于被动结构时，既可以引出施动者，也可用来表示做某事的手段。

英汉例句

用作介词 (prep.)

On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.
在寒冷的夜晚坐在炉火旁边很舒服。

用作副词 (adv.)

She hurried by without speaking to her teacher.
她匆匆经过,没有跟她的老师说话。

by更多例句

词组短语

用作介词 (prep.)

动词+～

abide by 遵守;信守;坚持;履行
adopt by acclamation 通过口头表决方式通过
brush by 触到，擦及
carry by acclamation 通过口头表决方式通过
catch sb by surprise 使某人吃惊，使惊异，使感到意外

by更多词组

英英字典

剑桥英英字典

(AGENT) used to show the person or thing that does something
(METHOD) used to show how something is done
(POSITION) near or at the side of
(NOT LATER THAN) not later than; at or before
(MEASUREMENT) used to show measurements or amounts
(DURING) during
used when describing someone's character, job, etc.
If something is all right/fine by someone, they agree that it can happen.
at the side of or (in distance or time) past

柯林斯英英字典

baba
If you say that something such as a book, a piece of music, or a painting is by a particular person, you mean that this person wrote it or created it.
If you do something by a particular means, you do it using that thing.
If you achieve one thing by doing another thing, your action enables you to achieve the first thing.
You use by in phrases such as "by chance" or "by accident" to indicate whether or not an event was planned.
If someone is a particular type of person by nature, by profession, or by birth, they are that type of person because of their nature, their profession, or the family they were born into.
If something must be done by law, it happens according to the law. If something is the case by particular standards, it is the case according to the standards.
If you say what someone means by a particular word or expression, you are saying what they intend the word or expression to refer to.
If you hold someone or something by a particular part of them, you hold that part.
If you are by yourself, you are alone.
If you do something by yourself, you succeed in doing it without anyone helping you.
Someone or something that is by something else is beside it and close to it.
By is also an adverb.
If a person or vehicle goes by you, they move past you without stopping.
By is also an adverb.
If you stop by a place, you visit it for a short time.
By is also an adverb.
If you do something by day, you do it during the day. If you do it by night, you do it during the night.
In arithmetic, you use by before the second number in a multiplication or division sum.
You use by to talk about measurements of area. For example, if a room is twenty feet by fourteen feet, it measures twenty feet in one direction and fourteen feet in the other direction.
If something increases or decreases by a particular amount, that amount is gained or lost.
Things that are made or sold by the million or by the dozen are made or sold in those quantities.
You use by in expressions such as "minute by minute" and "drop by drop" to talk about things that happen gradually, not all at once.

专业释义

体育

(因一方已赢而不再打的)余穴 (= bye1)
漏击得分