proportion
音标发音
- 英式音标 [prə'pɔːʃ(ə)nprə'pɔ:ʃənprəˈpɔ:ʃn]
- 美式音标 [prəˈpɔːr.ʃən]
- 英式发音
- 美式发音
基本解释
- n.部分;比例;均衡;(复)规模
- vt.使成比例;使均衡;分摊
词源解说
- 14世纪晚期进入英语,直接源自古法语的proportion;最初源自古典拉丁语的proportionem,意为相对的关系,类似。
词根记忆
- pro(许多) + portion(一部分)→按比例分成小份儿→比例;份儿
- pro + port(=part,部分) + ion→部分;比例
- pro + portion(部分)→比例;部分
- pro(相关) + portion(部分)→与部分有关→比例
同根派生
- adj性质的同根词
- proportional:比例的,成比例的;相称的,均衡的。
- proportionate:成比例的;相称的;适当的。
- proportionable:成比例的;相称的;均衡的。
- adv性质的同根词
- proportionally:成比例地;相称地,适当地。
- n性质的同根词
- proportional:[数]比例项。
- proportionality:相称;均衡;比例性。
- vt性质的同根词
- proportionate:使成比例;使相称。
用法辨析
- proportion of作“部分”解时,如果后面是不可数名词或单数可数名词(指量),谓语动词要用单数形式; 如果后面是复数名词,则谓语动词可以用单数,也可以用复数; 当proportion作“比例”解时,无论of后面的名词是单数还是复数,谓语动词一概用单数。
- in the proportion of意为“按…的比例”。
- proportion的基本意思是“使均衡”“使相称”“使成比例”,指事物内部各细节安排得匀称整齐,从而产生一种美感。这种优雅的美感与事物的大小、持续时间的长短或强度都没有关系。
- proportion是及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。可用于被动结构。
- proportion的宾语后常接介词to引起的短语,意思是“使…与…成比例”。
- Proportion同part的比较:作名词时,两者都可表示“部分”,只是前者只能作名词和动词,而后者还可作形容词和副词,词性比较广。proportion同part之间在程度上的差异一直都比较模糊,没有明确指明。a proportion与整体(whole)间存在着一个定量关系,即某个部分占整体的几分之几,或占百分之多少(ratio)。因proportion能体现比例,然后可与其他部分进行比较,所以proportion较part而言,被认为更精确更好。要补充说明的是,proportion的可比较性是简单的同一个整体的两个部分各自占整天的ratio的对比,并非两个来自不同整体的ratios的对比;
- a proportion of表示“……的一部分”,可等同于some和a part of;
- 短语in proportion to表示“与……成比例”或是“与……比较起来”,属固定用语,不可以随意更换介词to。
n. (名词)
v. (动词)
英汉例句
- The painting lacks proportion.
这幅画比例失调。 - We must proportion the power of the two parties.
我们必须均衡两个政党的力量。
用作名词 (n.)
用作动词 (v.)
用作及物动词: S+~+ n./pron.
词组短语
- direct 〔inverse〕 proportion 正〔反〕比例
- due 〔proper〕 proportion 适当的比例
- in proportion 成比例;相称
- in proportion to 与…成比例
- in perfect proportion 非常匀称
- in similar proportion 相似的比例
用作名词 (n.)
形容词+~
介词+~
英英字典
- (AMOUNT) the number or amount of a group or part of something when compared to the whole
- (SIZE) the correct or most attractive relationship between the size of different parts of the same thing or between one thing and another
- (IMPORTANCE) used in a number of phrases to mean importance and seriousness
- A proportion of a group or an amount is a part of it.
- The proportion of one kind of person or thing in a group is the number of people or things of that kind compared to the total number of people or things in the group.
- The proportion of one amount to another is the relationship between the size of the two amounts.
- If you refer to the proportions of something, you are referring to its size, usually when this is extremely large.
- If one thing increases or decreases in proportion to another thing, it increases or decreases to the same degree as that thing.
- If something is small or large in proportion to something else, it is small or large when compared with that thing.
- If you say that something is out of all proportion to something else, you think that it is far greater or more serious than it should be.
剑桥英英字典
柯林斯英英字典
专业释义
- 比例
The company can introduce strategic investors and increase the share proportion for managers.
具体通过引入战略投资家,加大经理层持股比例。 - 均衡性
- 配比
Objective The objective of the research was to explore the optimum proportion of applying bio-organic fertilizer in the saline-alkaline soil.
目的探讨生物有机肥施用于土壤改良的最佳配比。 - 浓度
Supposing the concentration of assimilation product in every organ is in direct proportion with its photosynthate gained.
假定各器官的同化物质浓度与其所得到的同化物的量成正比,导出了冠层与根茎间的干物质传输通量的关系式: G丫*.W K,=---- W十G丫nw模型估算结果与田间试验结果比较一致。 - 比量
Fibre and vessel proportion increased and decreased,respectively,with the increase of growth stress.
生长应力水平与纤维和导管的组织比量分别呈正相关和负相关。 - 配方
The optimal formula for Lactobacillus brevis microcapsules was 20 g/L sodium alginate, 30 g/L calcium chloride, 20 g/L chitosan, the appropriate proportion of bacterial liquid and sodium alginate being 1:3(m:m).
研制的微胶囊配方为:海藻酸钠20 g/L,氯化钙30 g/L,菌液(m):海藻酸钠(m)=1:3,壳聚糖20 g/L。医药科学
- 构成比
Comparison of proportion and correlation analysis was evaluated by Chi-square test.
采用卡方检验进行构成比的比较和相关性分析。 - 体表面积
- 比例
Hole in machining processing is a larger proportion of the important processing.
在机械加工中孔加工是所占比例较大的一道重要的加工工序。土木建筑工程
- 掺量
The inhibitor has good performance of stability that conversion rate of esterification can reach 99%(2) The optimum conditions of synthesis of middle-monomer:when the addition of activator is 5-6%,proportion of acid and alcohol is(1.15-1.2):1,toluene is 50%,and the temperature is 120℃.
确定了中间大单体的最佳合成工艺:当催化剂掺量为5~6%;酸醇比为(1.15~1.2):1;溶剂甲苯掺量为50%;温度控制为120℃。数学
- 比例
- 比例
- 比例