substitute effect

常见例句

The first, analyze the family saving income effect and substitute effect.
第一，分析对家庭储蓄的收入效应和替代效应。
And this is the integrated result of the income effect and substitute effect of interest tax in China's market economy environment.
这是利息税对储蓄的收入效应和替代效应在中国具体的市场经济环境中综合作用的结果。
Weather the income tax influence on saving behavior is positive or negative depends on the net effect of income effect and substitute effect resulted by the tax saving.
所得税对储蓄行为的影响是积极的还是消极的，取决于税收储蓄的收入效应与替代效应的相对大小。

Military service had a neutral effect on socioeconomic attainment, and therefore did not substitute for additional formal education among these veteran enlisted men.
CENTERFORSECURITYPOLICY: Veteran earnings are competitive