surprise
音标发音
- 英式音标 [səˈpraɪz]
- 美式音标 [sərˈpraɪz]
- 国际音标 [sə'praiz]
- 英式发音
- 美式发音
基本解释
- n.惊奇；惊喜；惊讶；突然
- vt.使惊奇；使惊喜；突然袭击；惊讶地发现
词源解说
- 16世纪中期进入英语，直接源自古法语的surprendre：sur （过） + prendre (超），意为超过某人；最初源自古典拉丁语的prendere，意为抓住，获取。
同根派生
- adj性质的同根词
- surprised：感到惊讶的，出人意料的。
- surprising：令人惊讶的；意外的。
- adv性质的同根词
- surprisingly：惊人地；出人意外地。
- surprisedly：吃惊地；诧异地。
- n性质的同根词
- surprisal：惊异。
- v性质的同根词
- surprised：使惊奇（surprise的过去分词形式）。
- surprising：使惊奇；意外发现（surprise的ing形式）。
用法辨析
- surprise的基本意思是“使惊奇”,指未曾预料的或空前的事物使人产生某种惊讶感或诧异感,强调始料不及或缺乏准备,引申可表示对未做防范的人采取行动或揭露其试图掩盖的事实。用于军事上可指袭击,但不表示是否袭击成功。
- surprise是及物动词,其宾语常是人称代词。接名词、代词或以现在分词充当补足语的复合宾语。
- surprise后接介词at表示“对…感到惊讶”; 后接介词from表示“出其不意使…说了”; 后接介词into表示“出其不意地使人…”; 后接介词with表示“以…使(某人)惊奇”。
- surprise的现在分词和过去分词都可用作形容词,在句中作表语或定语。surprise的现在分词作表语时含主动意义,主语一般是物。常采用以it作形式主语的结构,其真正主语由that引出。surprise的过去分词作表语时含被动意义,主语一般是人,后接由介词at引导的短语、动词不定式或that/wh-从句,表示“对…感到惊奇”。
- surprise表示“惊奇,惊讶”,用作不可数名词; 表示“令人吃惊的事物”,用作可数名词。
- surprise在句中还可用作定语。
v. (动词)
n. (名词)
英汉例句
- He may surprise us all yet.
他总有一天会让我们大家惊奇。 - It surprised me to see so many people there.
在那里看到那么多人使我感到意外。 - It surprised them that she was such a fine swimmer.
她游得这么好,使他们都很惊奇。 - I'm surprised to hear you say that.
听你这样讲,我感到吃惊。 - I'm surprised that you should think this way.
我感到奇怪的是你竟这样想。 - I was surprised why he came here so early.
他为什么到这里那么早,我很惊奇。 - We returned early and surprised the burglars searching through the cupboards.
我们回来得早,没想到正好撞见有贼在偷柜子里的东西。 - I'll never forget his surprise when we told him.
我永远不会忘记我们告诉他时他所表现出来的惊讶表情。
用作动词 (v.)
用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.
It ～s/ed+ n./pron. +to- v
It ～s/ed+ n./pron. +that-clause
S+be ～ed+to- v
S+be ～ed+that-clause
S+be ～ed+wh-clause
用作宾补动词: S+～+ n./pron. +(as) v -ing
用作名词 (n.)
词组短语
- surprise very much 使非常吃惊
- surprise agreeably 又惊又喜地发现
- surprise delightfully 感到惊喜
- surprise disagreeably 感到吃惊和不快
- surprise greatly 使大为吃惊
用作动词 (v.)
～+副词
英英字典
- (EVENT) an unexpected event
- (FEELING) the feeling caused by something unexpected happening
- to make someone feel surprise
- A surprise is an unexpected event, fact, or piece of news.
- Surprise is also an adjective.
- Surprise is the feeling that you have when something unexpected happens.
- If something surprises you, it gives you a feeling of surprise.
- If you surprise someone, you give them, tell them, or do something pleasant that they are not expecting.
- If you describe someone or something as a surprise, you mean that they are very good or pleasant although you were not expecting this.
- If you surprise someone, you attack, capture, or find them when they are not expecting it.
- &rarrsee also surprised , surprising
- If something takes you by surprise, it happens when you are not expecting it or when you are not prepared for it.
剑桥英英字典
柯林斯英英字典
专业释义
- 惊奇
- 惊奇