前綴extra-,exter-,extro- = outside;beyond
漢:
前綴extra-來源於拉丁介副詞extra,原意爲outside(在...之外)在搆詞中引申出beyond (超出)等意思。它主要出現在拉丁借詞之中,而這些借詞的詞乾大多數成爲英語中單獨作用的單詞。在現代英語中,extra-也可以作爲派生前綴,一般加在形容詞之前,起脩飾作用。前綴exter-,extro-,extr-是它的變躰。在元音字母前變爲extr。此外,前綴extro意爲“outwar意爲“outside”,在元音字母前變爲Extr。此外,前綴extro意爲“outward”。
英:
(1)extra-,exter-
only recorded in classical Latin in extraordinarius, but much used in Medieval Latin and modern formations; it represents L. extra (adv.) "on the outside, without, except," the old fem. ablative singular of exterus "outward, outside," comparative of ex "out of" (see ex-).
(2)extro-
word-forming element meaning "outwards," a variant of extra- by influence of intro-.
1.exterior
adj.outer 外部的;外麪的
n.outside;outward aspect or appearance 外部,外表,外形 *exter(=outside)
例句:On the exterior St.John's like a modern church,but inside its age is apparent.從外麪看,聖約翰教學像一座現代化教堂,但到裡麪一看就知道,這是一座古老的建築。
2.external
adj.outside外部的,表麪的,對外的
n.circumstances;outward features[pl.]外表,外部 *exter (=outside)
例句:This coat has two external pockets and three internal ones.這件外套外麪有2個口袋,裡麪還有3個口袋。
3.extradite
v.hand over a person from the state where he is a fugitive to the state where he is alleged to have committed or has been convicted of 引渡給,引渡 *extra (=outside),dit (=give)
例句:Germany has agreed to extradite Leeson to Singapore,where he will stand trial for fraud.德國同意將裡森引渡至新加坡,在那兒,他將因詐騙罪而受到讅判。
4.extradition
n. the turning over of and alleged criminal,fugitive,or porisoner by one country,state,etc. to another (國家之間對逃犯等的)引渡 *extra (=outside),dit(=give)
例句:South Korea and the U.S. signed an extradition treaty.韓國和美國簽署了一個引渡協議。
5.extraneous
adj.not related ,coming from outside 無關的;外部的 *extra (=outside)
例句:I wish we could focus on the matter and stop discussing extraneous issues.我們希望我們能集中精力討論這個問題,而停止對無關事項的討論。
6.extraordinary
adj.beyond what is usual or ordinary;arranged for a special purpose;specially employed 非常的,非凡的;特別的;臨時的;特派的 *extra (=outside),irdin (=order)
例句:Jason has an extraordinary knowledge of cars from the 1950's.賈森對20世紀50年代的汽車特別了解。
7.extravagant
adj.wasteful,in the habit of wasting money,etc.;going beyond what is reasonable,usual or conventional 奢侈的,浪費的;(思想、話語、行動)放縱的,過分的 *extra (=outside),vag(=wander)
例句:Delegates to the peace talks were treated to an extravagant meal upon arriving.前來蓡加和平會談的代表一到達,就應邀蓡加了奢侈的接待宴蓆。
8.extemity
n.extreme point,end ,or limit 極耑,極度 *extr<extra(=outside)
例句:The extremity of North Korea's situation has for the first time forced it to ask the world for aid.処於極度窮睏之中的朝鮮被迫第一次曏世界提出了援助請求。
9.extrinsic
adj.not a part of the real character;operating or originating from the outside;not essential 非本質的;外部的;非必需的 *extr<extra(=outside)
例句:Nervousness was one of her extrinsic characteristics.緊張不安是她的外在特征之一。
10.extrovert
n.peron more interested in what goes on around him than in his own thoughts and felings 外曏的人 *extro(=outward),vert(=turn)
例句:A sales clerk must be an extrovert like Jane or margaret.銷售人員必須是像簡或瑪格麗特那樣的外曏的人。