后缀-ed的含义、词源和例词
汉:形容词后缀ed是过去分词词缀。加在名词之后,表示“有...的”、“如...的”、“...的”如,coloured 有色的 、 booted 穿靴的 、moneyed 有线的;加在动词之后,表示“已...的”、“被...的”、“...了的”如,failed已经失败的、fixed 被固定的、liberated 解放了的。
在常用词coloured (有色的)中,派生后缀-ed是加缀在名词后面的。它不是我们已经熟悉的表示动词过去式或过去分词的词尾-ed;而是一个源于古英语的形容词后缀。-ed是个活性词缀,可以加在许多名词后,意为having ~(有...的)或者having the characteristics of ~(有...特点的)。尤其特别的是,由-ed构成的形容词之前还可以用另一形容词、名词或数词来修饰,只是当中需要增加连字符以构成复合词。
1.disheveled
adj.with the hair uncombed;untidy 头发凌乱的;衣冠不整的 *hevel(=hair)
例句:In spite of her disheveled appearance,it seemed to me that she had never looked lovelier.尽管她衣冠不整,但在我看来她此时比任何时候都更可爱。
2.dogged
adj.obstinate;stubborn 顽固的;顽强的
例句:Tom's dogged attempts to get her attention only pushed her further away. 汤姆坚持不懈地努力引起她的注意,但这却将她推向更远。
3.far-fetched
adj.forced,unnatural 牵强的;未必会的
例句:The Republican's proposal to cut taxes while at the same time reducing the national debt sounds far-fetched.共和党提出的在减免税收的同时减少国家负债的提案听起来很牵强。
4.full-fledged
adj.having all its flight feathers ,able to fly;having completed training,etc.羽毛生齐的,能飞的;成熟的;有资格的,经过充分训练的
例句:By late aftermoon ,the light showers had developed into a full-fledged rainstorm.到了榜晚,小阵雨转成了大雨。
5.gifted [gift n.天赋;-ed →]
adj.有天赋的
举例:Beethoven was gifted in music.贝多芬有音乐天赋。
6.kind-hearted
adj.好心的,仁慈的
举例:He was by nature a friendly and kind-hearted man. 他生性善良友好。