suffer
音标发音
- 英式音标 ['sʌfə(r)'sʌfə]
- 美式音标 [ˈsʌf.ɚ]
- 国际音标 ['sʌfə]
- 英式发音
- 美式发音
基本解释
- vt.遭受；忍受；容忍，宽恕，听任；允许，准许
- vi.受苦；患病；受损失；变差，变糟；处于不利地位
词源解说
- 13世纪初期进入英语，直接源自盎格鲁法语的suffrir；最初源自拉丁语的sufferre：sub (自下而上） + ferre (提），意为从下往上托起。
词根记忆
- suf(在下面) + fer(拿来)→被拿在最下面→受痛苦
- suf(在下面) + fer(拿)→被拿在最下面→受苦
同根派生
- adj性质的同根词
- suffering：受苦的；患病的。
- sufferable：可忍耐的；可容忍的；可忍受得了的。
- n性质的同根词
- suffering：受难；苦楚。
- sufferer：患者；受害者。
- sufferance：容许；忍耐；默许。
- v性质的同根词
- suffering：受苦；蒙受（suffer的ing形式）。
用法辨析
- suffer的基本意思是“受苦”,所受的痛苦可以是肉体上的,也可以是精神上的,也可指某人或某集体“遭受利益上的损失”。还可作“忍受,承受”“变坏〔差、糟〕”“容许,允许”等解。
- suffer既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,常接表示不吉利的名词(如痛苦、失败、惩罚等)作宾语。作“忍受,承受”解时,一般用于否定句或疑问句; 作“容许,允许”解时,通常只用作宾补动词,接动词不定式充当宾语补足语,可用于被动结构。
- suffer用作不及物动词时,常与介词from, for, by等连用,表示“因…而受罚〔苦、损〕”。
v. (动词)
英汉例句
- Men are born to suffer.
人生来就是受苦的。 - Fortunately he suffered no pain.
幸好他不感到疼。 - She suffered me to come nearer.
她允许我走近一些。
用作动词 (v.)
用作不及物动词: S+～(+A)
用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.
用作宾补动词: S+～+ n./pron. +to- v
词组短语
- suffer a loss 遭受损失
- suffer a setback 遭受挫折
- suffer an apoplectic stroke 患中风
- suffer death 丧命
- suffer defeat 遭受失败
用作动词 (v.)
～+名词
英英字典
- (FEEL PAIN) to experience physical or mental pain
- (EXPERIENCE) to experience or show the effects of something bad
- If you suffer pain, you feel it in your body or in your mind.
- If you suffer from an illness or from some other bad condition, you are badly affected by it.
- If you suffer something bad, you are in a situation in which something painful, harmful, or very unpleasant happens to you.
- If you suffer, you are badly affected by an event or situation.
- If something suffers, it becomes worse because it has not been given enough attention or is in a bad situation.
剑桥英英字典
柯林斯英英字典
专业释义
- 伤害
In the situation of asylum and the whole social circumstances,the mental patients’identity causes great torture. Mental patients suffer great physical torture under many kinds of medical treatments and their side effects.
在医院情境和广阔的社会生活情境下,“精神病人”身份对病人造成了伤害。