scratch
柯林斯词典
1. V-T If you scratch yourself, you rub your fingernails against your skin because it is itching. 挠
He scratched himself under his arm. 他在自己腋下挠了挠。
The old man lifted his cardigan to scratch his side. 那位老人撩起他的开襟毛衣挠了挠身子侧面。
2. V-T If a sharp object scratches someone or something, it makes small shallow cuts on their skin or surface. 划破
The branches tore at my jacket and scratched my hands and face. 那些树枝挂了我的夹克，划破了我的双手和脸。
3. N-COUNT Scratches on someone or something are small shallow cuts. 划伤
The seven-year-old was found crying with scratches on his face and neck. 那个7岁的孩子被找到时正在哭，脸上和颈上都有划伤。
4. PHRASE If you do something from scratch, you do it without making use of anything that has been done before. 从零开始
Building a home from scratch can be both exciting and challenging. 白手起家既激动人心又具有挑战性。
5. PHRASE If you say that someone is scratching their head, you mean that they are thinking hard and trying to solve a problem or puzzle. 绞尽脑汁思考
The Institute spends a lot of time scratching its head about how to boost American productivity. 这家研究所花大量时间绞尽脑汁思考怎样推进美国的生产力。
返回 scratch
scratch /skrætʃ/ (scratching,scratched,scratches)
剑桥词典
- The top of the desk was badly scratched.
- The car's paintwork has been scratched.
- Paintwork on the corner of a stairway tends to get scratched.
- I accidentally scratched her with my long nails .
- I scraped the car against a post and scratched the paintwork .
scratch verb (CUT)
[ 不及物动词：后面不接宾语的动词 or 及物动词：后面接宾语的动词 ]to cut or damage a surface or your skin slightly with or on something sharp or rough
抓；搔；擦；划
We scratched the wall trying to get the bed into Martha's room . 我们把床搬进玛莎的房间里时，把墙面给划坏了。
Be careful not to scratch your self on the roses . 当心不要被玫瑰刺扎伤。
A few chickens were scratching about/around (= searching with their beaks ) in the yard for grain . 几只鸡在院子里到处扒寻谷粒吃。
[ 及物动词：后面接宾语的动词 ]
If you scratch something on or off a surface , you add it or remove it by scratching.
刻；刮
People have been scratching their names on this rock for years . 许多年来人们都在这块岩石上刻写名字。
I scratched some paint off the door as I was getting out of the car . 我下车时蹭掉了车门上的一些漆。
[ 不及物动词：后面不接宾语的动词 ]
If an animal scratches, it rubs something with its claws (= sharp nails ).
（动物）用爪子抓，搔
The dog's scratching at the door - he wants to be let in. 狗用爪子抓门——它想进来。
[ 不及物动词：后面不接宾语的动词 or 及物动词：后面接宾语的动词 ]
to rub your skin with your nails
（用指甲）搔，挠
He was scratching (at) his mosquito bites . 他在抓挠蚊子咬过的地方。
Hannah scratched her head thoughtfully. 汉娜一边思索一边挠头。
例句
scratch verb (REMOVE)
[ 不及物动词：后面不接宾语的动词 or 及物动词：后面接宾语的动词 ]to remove yourself or another person or an animal from a competition before the start
（使）退出比赛
The world champion scratched from the 800 metres after injuring herself the day before. 这位世界冠军在比赛前一天受了伤，只好退出800米赛跑。
They scratched the horse from the race because she had become lame . 由于马瘸了腿，所以他们让它退出了比赛。
scratch verb (STOP)
[ 及物动词：后面接宾语的动词 ] informal (UK usually scrub)to decide not to do something you had planned to do
取消（原计划）
We had to scratch our plans when I lost my job . 我失业了，我们不得不取消计划。
同义词
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习语
scratch your headscratch beneath the surface
you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours