后缀-ia = 疾病名称,动植物名称及类别,抽象与集合
①来源于希腊语,一般构成医学名词,表示“疾病、病态”;②来源于拉丁语,一般构成“植物及动物分类的名称”;③属于复合后缀,由元音字母 i + -a 组合而成。
另外,①后缀-ia 也可表示“传统节日名”,如:Dionysia 狂欢节,酒神节;②它是与单数后缀 -ium 相对应的复数后缀,如:medium( 单 )/media( 复 ) 中间物 / 媒介、bacterium(单 )/ bacteria(复) 细菌;当然这里面的复数后缀亦可加 -s, 如:mediums。
英文词源:
word-forming element in names of countries, diseases, flowers, from Latin and Greek -ia, which forms abstract nouns of feminine gender. In paraphernalia, Mammalia, etc. it represents the Latin and Greek plural suffix of nouns in -ium or -ion.
Chinese forms country names by adding guo "country" to the stressed syllable of the place name, hence Meiguo "America," from mei, the stressed syllable of America (minus -r-, which does not exist in Chinese). Similarly Yingguo "England," Faguo "France." Continent names are similarly formed, with zhou "continent" (such as Meizhou "America (continent)," Feizhou "Africa," Ouzhou "Europe").
此后缀有三种含义:
(1)表示“疾病名称”
1.insomnia [in- 不,无 +
n.失眠,失眠症
2.anaemia [
n.贫血病
3.mania [man 人 + -ia 名词后缀→有病态的人 →]
n.疯狂,狂热,躁急狂
4.anoxia [an- 无,少 + ox 氧 + -ia 名词后缀→]
n. 缺氧
(2)表示“动植物名称及类别”
1.camellia → 山茶
2.dahlia → 大丽花
3.begonia → 秋海棠
4.reptilia → 爬虫类
(3)表示“抽象名词与集合名词”
1.utopia → 乌托邦
2.militia [
n.民兵组织,民兵
3.suburbia [sub 次 +
n.郊区居民 ( 总称 )
4.battalia [battal =battle 战斗 + -ia 名词后缀→]
n. 战斗的阵列