后缀-ish含义、词源和词例
汉:形容词、动词、名词后缀ish意为"like,retating to,make" 。
英:adjectival suffix, from Old English -isc, common Germanic (cf. Old Norse -iskr, German -isch, Gothic -isks), cognate with Greek diminutive suffix -iskos. Colloquially attached to hours to denote approximation, 1916.
一.形容词后缀
加在名词后,表示如...的、似...的、有...的性质的。
1.amateurish
adj. inexpert,imperfect 外行的,业余的;不熟练的 *am(=love)
例句:The tourist made a rather amateurish attempt to negotiate with the shopkeeper.游客很外行地与店主讨价还价。
2.bookish
adj. of books and studies 书的;学究的;爱好书籍的
例句:He was always a bookish kid ,so i'm not surprised he's professor now.他以前就是个爱读书的孩子,所以他现在当教授我一点也不惊讶。
3.childish
adj. like a child 孩子般的
例句:Don't you think you're being sort of childish about this ,Grant? 格兰特,你不觉得你对此有点太幼稚了吗?
4.clownish
adj. of or like a clown 小丑(般)的;滑稽的
例句:Paul's clownish antics in the classroom has gotten him in trouble again.保罗在教室里做出了小丑的滑稽动作,这让他又一次陷入麻烦。
加在形容词之后面,表示含有某种程度的、略...的、稍...的
coldish 略寒的,稍冷的;greenish 略带绿色的;warmish 稍暖的;yellowish 微黄的;oldish 略老的,稍旧的;reddish 略红的;fattish 稍胖的;wettish 略湿的;slowish 稍慢的
表示某国的或某民族的,兼表某国的语言
English 英国的,英语;Swedish 瑞典的,瑞典语;Spanish 西班牙的,西班牙语;Finnish 花兰的,芬兰语;Polish 波兰的,波兰语;Danish 丹麦的,丹麦语
二.动词后缀
表示做...、致使...、造成...、成为...
1.flourish
v.grow in a healthy manner;prosper茂盛;繁荣 (极度地夸耀) *flour (=flower) 《拉丁文florere = to flour》
例句:The weed,unintentionally brought to America by trade ships,has been flourishing in the Florida Everglades,killing off native grasses.被贸易船只偶然带到美国的杂草取代了佛罗里达沼泽当地的牧草,在那里长势茂盛。
2.garnish
v. decorate food for the table 为增加色香味而添加酸菜;装饰
例句:Garnish the tray with broccoli or cauliflower.用花椰菜或球花甘来装饰餐盘。